The Economics Of The Great Depression - 1684 Words

The Economics of the Great Depression The Great Depression, often acknowledged with the Stock Market Crash of 1929, but something that is so much more than that, was a decade of economic turmoil. The Great Depression lasted from 1929-1939 consuming a long grueling decade, and as defined by The History Channel, it â€Å"was the deepest and longest lasting economic downturn in the history of the western industrialized world† kicked into fast forward by the Stock Market Crash in the fall of 1929. During the fall of 1929, Wall Street was forced into a panic, causing unforeseeable effects to the United States stock market. Following in the crash, consumer spending and investments declined, resulting in a dramatic decline of the output of industries, which came hand in hand with the spike in unemployment as these industries continued downward employees began suffering the consequences and being laid off. Preceding the stock market crash, according to Hyperhistory.com, during the time period of May of 1928 and September 1929, the â€Å"average price of stocks will rise 40 percent. The boom is largely artificial.† This is important because America had entered a recession, similar to what the United States recently went through between 2007-2009, during the summer of 1929. The price of stocks rising 40 percent causing the prices to reach a price level that according to The History Channel, â€Å"could not be justified by anticipated future earnings†. People were spending far out of their means.Show MoreRelatedThe Great Depression And Economic Depression Essay3400 Words   |  14 PagesSummary The Great Depression was an economic depreciation in Europe, North America and other industrialized areas globally that commenced in 1929 and endured until about 1939. The depression stirred severe effects in the U.S.A that left its economy on the brink of a downfall. The research investigates the causes and reasons that influenced the great recession in the United States of America. The causes comprise of the hazardous decline of the Stock Market in that occurred in 1929 which sent theRead MoreThe Great Depression And Economic Depression1803 Words   |  8 Pages â€Å"The Great Depression† The Great Depression may be known to the world as the toughest economic period of the industrialized world that brought severe consequences to a vast number of countries in the west. It began six months earlier in the United States in1929 after the stock markets in the New York Stock Exchange collapsed, and it dragged on until 1939; in fact, historians describe it as the worst economic depression of all time given its scope and impact. Specifically, the effects of the GreatRead MoreThe Great Depression And Economic Depression1802 Words   |  8 Pages The Great Depression was a worldwide economic depression that took place during the 1930s. The timing of the Great Depression varied across nations; in most countries it started in 1929 and lasted until the late 1930s. It was the longest, deepest, and most widespread depression of the 20th century. In the 21st century, the Great Depression is used as an example of how far the world s economy can decline. The depression originated in the United States, after a fall in stock prices that began aroundRead MoreThe Economics Of The Great Depression1638 Words   |  7 Pages The Economics of the Great Depression Tyler Brooks 4/19/2015 The great Depression was the worst and longest economic decline experienced by the industrialized western world. Economic cycles are continuous loops of periods of business expansion followed by business contraction. This is the way economics has always been in the industrialized world and extended periods of contraction was something people had seen before. However, the Great Depression was somethingRead MoreEconomic Effects Of The Great Depression1142 Words   |  5 PagesEconomic Fallout On October 29, 1929, Black Tuesday, the United States of America’s stock market crashed causing the Great Depression. The Great Depression of the 1930’s greatly impacted millions of people’s lives around the world. The Depression caused millions of people to lose their homes, jobs and food for their families. The events causing, during, and after the Great Depression will forever be an important part of American History that will never be forgotten. The events that leading up toRead MoreEconomic Theory : The Great Depression1734 Words   |  7 Pagesmany opportunities to learn the lessons of economic theory but The Great Depression is a particularly relevant historical event when discussing economics. It is a defining event in the history of America as politics and economics intertwined, transforming the role of the federal government in the economy. Due to the length, severity and global effects an entire decade is known as the Great Depression. Theories continue to be debated on how or why the Depression took place and the reasons for its eventualRead MoreThe Economic Impacts Of The Great Depression1263 Words   |  6 PagesRodena Woods History 102 Exam 2- Essay Answers Big Essay Question The economic downturn is considered the great depression from 1929-1941 because of the uncontrolled exertion on unlimited goods produced. Other contributions were the risky and irresponsible speculations in the stock market. Banks had invested and lost, and they were buying on margin. There was also increasingly unequal distribution of wealth. Furthermore, the U.S had weak banking systems and banks eventually failed. Finally, thereRead MoreThe Great Depression : Economic Growth And Prosperity1438 Words   |  6 PagesAmerican history, the Great Depression ranks second as the longest and most severe crisis ever experienced only dislodged from the first position by the Civil War. The Great Depression marked a period of economic downturn that resulted in severe declines in output, acute deflation, financial insecurity and severe unemployment rates. This was a sharp contrast from the early 1920’s when the country was experiencing a period of tremendous economic growth and prosper ity. The Great Depression was brought aboutRead MoreThe Great Depression Caused The Economic Crisis784 Words   |  4 PagesDuring 1930s, the Great Depression caused the economic turmoil and had an impact on the unemployment, and the poverty among elderly. This created sense of insecurity over future among the citizen of the U.S. and government. There were several advocates, who passionately campaign for national pension plan such as Huey Long proposed Share our Health Plan, and Dr. Francis Townsend proposed the old age revolving plan. Although, Townsend proposal of providing $200/month to 60 years and older was a failureRead MoreThe Great Depression : The Worst Economic Slump1427 Words   |  6 PagesThe great Depression was the worst economic slump in US history, beginning in 1929 it lasted almost a decade. Leuchtenburg suggests â€Å"there was no single cause of the Great crash and ensuing depression†, however the most influential reasons for the Great depression was a c ulmination between the unequal distribution of income and the extensive speculation of the 1920s. Underlining these two dominant influences was the republican government practises of the 1920’s under Harding, Coolidge and Hoover

The Ziggurat Ancient Temple to the Gods

The Olmecs, Aztecs And Mayans - 988 Words

A very long time ago, there were many ancient civilizations, three of them were called the Olmecs, Aztecs and Mayans. These were ancient civilizations that, throughout history, had many accomplishments. Focusing in on some of these achievements, a lot of the advancements made by these civilizations were in religion, economy, and technology. The Olmec religion was very influential on areas like the Mesoamerican, both in the mythological world and social development. For a lot of reasons, the Olmec culture is the mother of all Mesoamerican cultures. There is no direct proof of the Olmec religion, unlike the Aztecs or the Mayans. Archeologists used techniques to find out how the Olmec religion worked by comparing it with pre-Columbian cultures that were documented better. When the Archaeologist s were using their techniques, they assumed the religion of the Olmecs was consistent and unbroken to the present Mesoamerican religions. Researchers were able to find a number of gods that had the features of many animals. The shamans, priests and rulers did all of the activities that were associated with the Olmec religion. Rulers were considered the relatives of supernatural beings and of the Olmec gods. Archaeologist s also say that there is evidence of the existence of shamans in their culture. Specific details in the Olmec rel igion were not always found by the researchers. At first, historians thought that the Olmec religion was based around a Jaguar god. Joralemon Peter DavidShow MoreRelatedThe Value Of The Jaguar Essay1377 Words   |  6 Pageshunters and one of the big cats that can tolerate water. Most information that is known about Mayan culture and Mesoamerican societies comes from the countless and scrupulous findings on stone monuments, murals, documents, adorned vases, and conventional sources, where we can survey that the Maya carried out religious exercises with most of these objects. This is evident of the Mayan jaguar lidded vessel from the Fresno Art Museum. Vessels are vases that were used not for just funeraryRead MoreThe Primary Language Of Mexico1029 Words   |  5 Pagesprimary language is Spanish fallowed by indigenous languages such as mayan, nahuatl, and other regional languages. Mexico is the site of several advanced amerindian civilizations - including the Olmec, Toltec, Teotihuacan, Zapotec, Maya, and Aztec. The Olmecs, Mexico’s first known society, settled on the Gulf Coast near what is now Veracruz. Remembered for the giant head sculptures they carved from native stone, the Olmecs had two main population centers: San Lorenzo, which flourished from aboutRead MoreHistoric Life Of Indigenous People And Europeans1257 Words   |  6 Pagessociety. The first main Mesoamerican civilizations were the Olmecs. They were first heard of residing in the Southern regions of Mexico in which they lived in unique organized villages. These villages were effective in their crops which included corn, beans, chile peppers and cotton. The villages were effective in a way that everyone had an important role in helping each other out to survive. Two significant cities during the Olmec history were the establishment of San Lorenzo and La Venta. TheseRead More A Study of Small Sculpture from the Mesoamerican Societies Essay2615 Words   |  11 Pages nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The Olmec, Maya, and Aztec were dominating societies of Mesoamerica, rich in culture, community, and art. While life may not be completely interpretable yet, much in known about how these societies were constructed, and how their religion dominated their lives. Much is generally made of their massive stonework, their ceremonial complexes, and ritual sacrifices, but their sma ll jade, ceramic, and stone sculpture deserves as much attention as the works of much largerRead More The Maya Essay1356 Words   |  6 Pagesinappropriate to call certain periods Classic, Pre Classic, Post Classic, etc. because the rise and fall of Mayan cities was an overlapping sensation, and the establishment of a certain style would appear at many different times throughout the domination of the culture. For classification of the purposes of this paper, however, the division of the culture is used. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Small Mayan sculpture has been discovered at a variety of locations. An Early Classic jade piece, 4 1/4† tall, ofRead MoreEssay on mexico1259 Words   |  6 Pagesnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;One of the first of these civilizations was the Olmec, who lived around 1500 to 600 BC. They lived in what is now the Mexican State of Tabasco and Veracruz. Scholars believe that this tribe started it all, traditions, beliefs, and lifestyles that were used by the tribes that came after them. The made a calendar, early mathematics, and art including sculptures made of jade. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Around 900 to 400 BC the Olmecs were destroyed. The Zabotec people were next to rise upRead MoreThe Most Powerful And Largest Cities Of Mesoamerica968 Words   |  4 Pageslocated within, would go on to extend its rich culture and history from between 150 B.C.E. throughout Mesoamerica s Golden Age. Some of the most influential aspects of this great city would extend from other well known civilizations, the Maya and Aztec people for example, during their respective governing periods. As of the most current standing, the original name remains undecipherable in the surviving glyphs recovered at sites. Much in the same way, the initial cause of collapse for this once awesomeRead MoreAnalyzing Mexican Culture Of Mexico1420 Words   |  6 Pagescivilization in Mexico, the Olmec, dates back to 1200 BC. They resided in the southern regions of present day Mexico, and spent the majority of their time nurturing crops, such as corn, beans, chili peppers, and cotton. Th ey recorded their culture’s history using graphic symbols, and took part in creating fine art and pottery. In 400 BC, the Olmec civilization died out, which gave way to multiple other civilizations; the 3 most notable are the Mayans, Toltecs, and Aztecs. The Mayans, often rememberedRead MoreThe Aztec And Greek Mythology Essay2381 Words   |  10 Pagesall cultures have their own unique mythologies. Similarly, the Mayans and Aztecs have their own exceptional take on how the world was created along with the first humans. The specific time frame of when the Mayan empire first started is unknown as well as when and why the Mayan empire started to decline. However, as new discoveries are being made, the dates of when the Mayan settlement took place is being pushed back further. The Mayans lived in what is now northern Central American which includesRead MoreHistory, Tradition And Culture, Mexico1673 Words   |  7 Pagesstill exist throughout Mexico, including the ancient city of Teotihuacà ¡n and the Mayan pyramids at Chichà ©nItzà ¡ and Tulum. Reminders of the colonial past are evident in the architecture of towns like Taxco and Querà ©tar. HISTORY EARLY HISTORY The Olmecs, Mexico’s first known society, settled on the Gulf Coast near what is now Veracruz. Remembered for the giant head sculptures they carved from native stone, the Olmecs had two main population centers: San Lorenzo, which flourished from about 1200 to

Psychological And Sociological Factors Of Stress - 1558 Words

Introduction Stress is defined as ‘any situation which tends to disturb the equilibrium between a living organism and its environment’1. Equilibrium is restored through biological actions such as hormone secretion which lead to physiological changes that prepare one for the fight or flight response. As a junior doctor, Mark is exposed every day to many stressors such as death, suffering and long hours. There are also many psychological and sociological factors in the work environment which can further impact Mark’s stress. It is therefore vitally important for new junior doctors like Mark to be able to manage their stress and ask for help if they are unable to cope. Major hormones of the stress response and their actions on the body The†¦show more content†¦CRF is the main regulator of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and is secreted by the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus4. It is released into the anterior posterior gland where it binds to receptors on pituitary corticotropes which stimulate the release of ACTH. ACTH mainly targets the adrenal cortex where it stimulates production of glucocorticoids5 by increasing RNA, DNA and protein synthesis3. The second wave is slower and involves steroid hormones, such as glucocorticoids2, more specifically cortisol in humans5. Glucocorticoids bind to glucocorticoid receptors which are found in the majority of tissues3. Thus they have a wide range of targets and actions, and so regulate metabolic, cardiovascular, immune and behavioural processes2. One which is relevant to responding to stress is the target of the adrenal medulla which when targeted increases PMNT expression and activity which stimulates epinephrine synthesis3. Another important target is the liver where the effect is an increased expression of gluconeogenic enzymes3 which helps to increase metabolic activity. The heart is also a target where the effect is increased contractility3. Acute stress can also lead to secretion of other hormones. Vasopressin, or antidiuretic hormone, is rapidly released from the PVN of the hypothalamus1. Its role is to helpShow MoreRelatedAn Sociological And Psychological Aspects Of The Communication Process1199 Words   |  5 Pagessuccessful communication and explain how interference can affect communication by using one of the communication models by looking at the impact communication had on the receiver, explaining factors like Source, Nature, Level, Time, Frequency, Use, Form and Type. Critically evaluate the sociological and psychological aspects of modern communication methods. Describe advantages and disadvantages of the modern communication methods and how the introduction of conferencing, computer, teleworking and otherRead MoreWhy do individuals commit crimes?1381 Words   |  6 Pagestheoretical approaches, which focus on the causes of crime and deviance in modern society, are the biological approach, psychological approach and the sociological approach. First, the Biological Theory believes that an individuals biology determines if a person becomes a criminal or not. It specifically implies that people are born criminals because of a specific heredity factor different from non-criminals. The central idea of the Biological Theory states that criminals have a mental and/or physicalRead MoreAlcohol And Drug Addiction Among People Of Different Ages861 Words   |  4 Pagesas many other addictions, these addictions have psychological, biological, and sociological roots to it. This paper will discuss research findings regarding the main points, roots and underlying reasons of alcohol and drug addiction mostly in adolescents, and it also provides prevention, solutions, and recommendations to these issues in the society. Many different researches approve the fact that psychological, sociological, and biological factors are related to each other in many different waysRead MorePsychological and Sociological Theories of Domestic Violence Essay1674 Words   |  7 Pagesregularly within the United States. It claims millions of victims each year. There is not a specific cause to establish why domestic violence occurs. However, it has been documented that domestic violence is a product of physical, emotional, sexual, psychological, and any other forms of torture or torment that the particular abuser wishes to employ to gain control or power over their victims (Gosselin, 2005). Due to the complexity of this crime, many criminologists and socialologists have studied its causesRead MoreThe Effects Of Hope And Happiness Among The Children Of Veterans And Non Veterans957 Words   |  4 Pagesthrough a traumatic event and have survivors guilt and or post-traumatic stress disorder (also known as PTSD) and are a ctually unhappy or depressed that they survived. This does not only affect them but those around them as well as those around them. Babaie, Ensiyeh, Sachin Jain, and Betty Cardona. Comparative Study Of Hope And Happiness Among The Children Of Veterans And Non-Veterans. Education 132.2 (2011): 419-428. Sociological Collection. Web. 21 Mar. 2016. Read MoreRacial Segregation And The Us Education System Essay1463 Words   |  6 Pagesbetween racial identity and psychological health; the largest factor that plays a role in this relationship is the experience of racial discrimination and â€Æ' microaggressions. (Sellers 2003: 302). Microaggressions are daily and subtle forms of racism that are often a phrase, remark, or even a joke that is entrenched in racist tropes and stereotypes (Robertson et al. 2014). As a result of these varying forms of discrimination, students of color are at risk for mental health stress that potentially canRead MoreModels of Abuse1454 Words   |  6 PagesModels of Abuse This essay will describe the models of abuse and compare them; there has been some controversy over these and this will be lightly discussed. Psychological Model of Abuse - Also known as emotional or mental abuse Emotional abuse can be described as constantly mistreating a child and therefore affecting their emotional state and development. Emotional abuse can be inflicted upon a child in many different ways; these can include telling a child that they are â€Å"worthlessRead MoreMental Health And Its Effects On Society1289 Words   |  6 Pagesthroughout history the belief that mentally ill individuals were possessed by demons or considered witches was replaced with more scientific reasons. Some factors held responsible for causing one to be a victim to the dangers of mental illnesses include genetics, chemical imbalances, stress related factors, nutritional factors, and trauma related factors. Illnesses such as bipolar disorder, obsessive- compulsive disorder, panic disorder and depression have proven to affect one who has had family historyRead MorePsychological And Social Influences On Smoking Behaviour1202 Words   |  5 Pages PSY101 Psychosocial Aspects of Health and Wellbeing Year 1, Semester 2. Coursework 1: Psychological and social influences on smoking behaviour Yinka Oladokun B00669560 B.Sc. Hons Psychology Introduction Smoking is a particularly common and intractable addictive disorder and is the leading preventable cause of many preventable chronic illnesses and death, responsible for approximately six million annual mortalities Yet, despite the well documented consequences of smoking, despiteRead MoreA Study On Birth Control983 Words   |  4 Pagessexuality as well as different approaches to utilize when embarking upon the topic. #2 Question 1. Researchers use three ways to describe things as either normal or abnormal. These three approaches are the statistical approach, sociological approach and psychological approach. In the statistical approach, things are viewed as normal as long as a large portion of the society conducts themselves in the same manner. Adversely behaviors or actions are viewed as abnormal if only a small portion of the

The Curse of the Sacred Fruit Free Essays

In the beginning of time a serpent slithered through a garden as he notices a soft nude woman walking alone. The serpent comes up behind her and tells the beautiful woman of the apple from a sacred tree that will make her as all knowing and powerful as god. Although god had told this woman to never eat from this sacred tree, she was convinced by the evil snake. We will write a custom essay sample on The Curse of the Sacred Fruit or any similar topic only for you Order Now After convincing her male companion they both eat the sacred apple and immediately are awaken as their eyes open wide. That very instant they, for the first time in human history, become aware of their physical self; the birth of self hatred of the human form had emerged. Soon after God exiled Adam and Eve from the Garden of Eden and dammed their ancestors. Today a young girl stands in front of a mirror disgusted by what is been reflected upon her. This girls struggle against the disease her primordial ancestor had given her is depicted in Eavan Boland’s poem â€Å"Anorexia. † As Boland begins her own demise she is envisioned with the beginning of time where man had not yet fallen and self awareness had not been created; a vision that will consume her to do whatever it takes to go back to Eden. As the speaker stares at the mirror she is consumed with negative thoughts in her mind. She begins to believe her â€Å"flesh is heretic†(line 1) as her body is rejecting her ideal thought of what she wants it to be. Her flesh begins to play tricks on her as it â€Å"Meshed [her] head / in the half-truths†(7-8). Her flesh becomes â€Å"a witch†(2) using tricks to control the girl from not eating. To cure this manipulative disease she is to destroy her exterior. In the following lines the speaker becomes much more explicit in how she is to cure herself: I am burning it Yes I am torching Her curves and peps and wiles They scratch in my self denial Here it shows how she is starving herself by burning away whatever fat remains from her fragile bones that are protruding from her skin as she now becomes â€Å"starved and curveless†(16). Boland begins a slow and painful suicide to bring an end to her disease. Boland falls sleep and enters a vivid dark dream which reveals to her the beginning of her disease. In this vibrant dream she in trapped inside a place she describes as â€Å"a claustrophobia†(22). In this â€Å"sensuous enclosure†(23) she hears the â€Å"warm drum†(25) beat of a man’s heart and the â€Å"song of his breath†(26). â€Å"Sleeping in his side†(27) she is â€Å"a rib†(19). Boland has regressed back to the beginning of time before the sins of Eve when she was only one rib of Adam. In this dream she discovers what she needs to do to get ride of her disease. She wants to return back inside the womb of Adam. To return to Eden were life was blessed with no self-awareness, and no anorexia. She hopes to erase Eve’s mistake of the past and not eat the scared fruit. She will finally be able to live a life without self awareness and end the struggle that has consumed herself against her own flesh. Boland will finally â€Å"grow / angular and holy†(35-36) again. After she is awakened she is obsessed with returning back to Adam and the Garden of Eden to finally be filled with bliss. Returning to Eden â€Å"will make me forget†(40), forget â€Å"the fall†(42) she proclaimed. She will forget the fall of mankind and the creation of the disease that has destroyed her from within. She wants to also forget the hell of what is anorexia as she goes â€Å"into forked dark / into [the] python needs†(43-44). Sadly the only way she can possibly reach the gates of Eden would be through suicide which she has already begun. â€Å"Only a little more†(28) she says, â€Å"only a few more days†(29) until she is dead and can be â€Å"back into him again†(32). It is unknown what happens to the girl next, all we are certain off is that the disease of anorexia had beaten her to nearing or even committing suicide. The â€Å"witch† was able to trick her to figuratively burn herself alive in agony and pain. In the mist of all this, her lack of nutrition caused her to hallucinate of the beginning of time when Humanity was only one being, a time when there was no self awareness and no anorexia, a time when man had not yet fallen. This vision that continues to consume her was merely an illusion from the witch and the serpent. All it was was a mere trick to convince her to committee suicide and break god’s major law. Killing herself to return back to Eden will come to no prevail as suicide will only lead her to an eternity in the depths of hell with the serpent, an eternity of living with anorexia. How to cite The Curse of the Sacred Fruit, Essay examples

Illustrious Case free essay sample

The key inputs to implement a Material Requirement Planning come from three sources: a Bill of Materials (BOM), a Master Production Schedule and Inventory Records. The Bill of Materials contain information on every item or assembly required to produce end items, this includes raw materials, component parts, and subassemblies. The Master Production Schedule anticipates how much of each item is wanted and when is wanted. The Master Production Schedule is developed from forecasts and firm customer orders for end items, safety stock requirements, and internal orders. The Inventory Records provides information of how much inventory is already on hand or on order, and thus should be substracted from the material requirements. These records must be kept up to date. The outputs expected from MRP inlude three primary reports and three secondary reports. The primary reports consist of: planned order schedules, which outline the quantity and timing of future material orders; order releases, which authorize orders to be made; and changes to planned orders, which might include cancellations or revisions of the quantity or time frame. We will write a custom essay sample on Illustrious Case or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The secondary reports include: performance control reports, which are used to track problems like missed delivery dates and stock outs in order to evaluate system performance; planning reports, which can be used in forecasting future inventory requirements; and exception reports, which identifies major problems like late orders or excessive scrap rates. The bills of materials for two finished products (D and E), inventory status, and other relevant information are given below. Compute the planned order releases and projected on-hand inventory balances for parts D, E, and F.

Social implications of business ethics free essay sample

In this task I have been asked to describe the social implications of business ethics facing a selected business in its different areas of activity and I have to assess the social implications of business ethics facing a selected business in its different areas of activity. The business that I will be linking it to British Airways. Human Resources Ethical issues relating to human resources are to confirm that discriminations is not a part of the selecting process. Value is what this should be encountered as it is important. Nationality, race, religion and age should not be based on in a negative way. British Airways should be very careful otherwise they will in trouble with the law and they will get a bad reputation. For example in 2012, a Christian woman felt discriminated against as BA told her to not wear her cross which gave BA a bad reputation with the Christian community. We will write a custom essay sample on Social implications of business ethics or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Ethics in Finance Lobbying means to approach an MP or minister, with requests for actions or information. The idea is to convince politicians to approve a particular cause or concern, in order to benefit it. This is an outward appearance of corruption. Moreover, another ethical issue is insider training, as this refers to illegal use of confidential information in dealing on a stock exchange. Executive pay is another problem that arises in the ethics of finance. The people who are executives receive high pay from the organisation, due to the anxiety of the public. The public were troubled as this used to be a concern because they seemed aware that the executives were getting paid high but not necessarily for doing their work well. In addition, if BA do not overlook on their financial statements linking to pay, other employees will feel unhappy due to the reason that the executives are getting high pay. The company ensures to adhere to corporate governance laws which aim to reduce fraud, corruption, and bribery and increased transparency. Not doing so would mean a threat to British Airways’ reputation and shareholders’ displeasure, which would have a negative impact on its share value and sales. Another ethics issue is the customers and the local community have not got so much money as they used to and the people are struggling to pay for holiday because of the economy. The air transport industry has faced major challenges in recent times the worst economic recession in 80 years. BA has had to adapt to the economic environment and has have to reduce the cost of goods otherwise they wouldnt meet their aims and objectives. Ethics in sales and marketing The pressure on businesses to improve profits through bigger sales often leads to instances where businesses employ unethical means to try to increase sales. An example of which a business can do this is spoofing, spamming and raising their own status. Spamming refers to sending emails to thousands of users similar to a chain letter. Spamming through email may be linked to spoofing as it would make it difficult to see who the originator of the email is. Raising their own status occurs when businesses place fake recommendations which may be coming from paid individuals. For example, a company paying the press to make them give the impression of being superior and could increase the reputation of the business. Firms may use its financial muscle power to run a heavy advertising schedule, this could be seen as a big competitive edge whether ethical or not. Others areas in which the company will maximize the exposure of its products are through sponsored corporate events and offering ‘freebies’. Whether this could be construed as bribes is a matter of opinion, but incentives can be used to persuade shopkeepers or other selling outlets to favour one company’s products over others. Ethics in intellectual property This allows people to own their creative work in the same way that they can own physical property. Rewards may be offered to the owner for their use. This motivates additional improvement and creativity to benefit everyone. There are four main types of IP, like trade marks for brand identity, for example Apple have their logo of an apple to give themselves an easy identify so that it would help people remember. Another implication of intellectual property is copyright for materials and their logo. This means that those other companies that are in the same business as British Airways cannot steal their ideas. British Airways lays out in its contract of employment to employees, the employee’s responsibility not to discuss any confidential information with any third party, and that any breaches in doing so could lead to instant dismissal. This is also communicated in regular employee meetings and on the company’s intranet. British Airways also has a legal and patents department to control and check for anyone deemed to be stealing the company’s intellectual property. Ethics in Competitiveness, reputation and public image The impact of these for British Airways could be the increase in shares. For example, due to the good and stable reputation that they have, the public would have a positive image of their business. As a result this would lead to an increase in shares as more customers would be purchasing their products. These factors are important as they help the business’s growth. If this was not the case for the British Airways, then they may lose customers. If these factors were not kept in practise, then it would have a negative impact on the business as well as stakeholders. For example customers would not be happy and the shareholders would not be satisfied because, customers may not purchase their products. This means that there would not be a huge increase on shares, so this effects the shareholders revenue. Ethics in environment Local air quality is a significant issue for people living in urban areas. It is often a limiting factor in any new development, including the growth of airports. British Airways are put under pressure by different pressure groups for polluting the local air quality around so they have to improve on the following areas: take off, new aircrafts, New Technology and Equipment. By doing this the local area will respect them more and pressure groups will not lay too much pressure on them. British Airways’ runs project called One Destination Carbon Fund which customer donations and uses them to support energy efficiency and renewable energy projects in communities up and down the UK. In conclusion I feel that this shows to me that BA has shown in all their operations that they would have to be careful in what they do. The depleting supplying of the world’s resources and the increasing ethical concerns of society means businesses and governments have an on-going challenge of addressing the social and business implications of the way they operate. For businesses to have a chance of continuing successful, they have to address these ethical demands. BA is a good example of how a company can address such issues. From looking at the business ethics, BA has revealed they are careful and aware of what they do and that they have offered protection under health and safety guidelines and employee regulations. BA has shown that they take business ethics seriously and is important for customers and shareholders. BA take these seriously as they have strict control over how it disposes rubbish and ensures that they find use in the production in which where they try to manage packaging where possible to decrease the level of wastage and pollution.